Except the “emergency capsule” is all of them, including Starliner. Because Starliner is perfectly capable of returning to earth safely.

Because every thruster that has shut down has hot fired okay, and the known helium leaks still leave enough margin to cover several multiples of the 5 hours or so of RCS operation that you need to get to landing.

Why is Bill Gates paying a smaller proportional share than the other two?

Even if they’re currently shipping some LGPL components, they may want to prevent new LGPL components from being added if they eventually want to be LGPL-free in the future.

Once you’re far enough up to reach terminal velocity, it doesn’t matter how far you fall any more. (mostly)

Likely your C++ implementation also doesn’t ship the full standard library. And you may even turn off exceptions and RTTI.