Electronics can generally handle cold temperatures, but just like us they have their limits. Generally, the optimum temperature for most electronics is around 70 degrees Fahrenheit (21 degrees Celsius) but there is no one definitive answer as it depends on the type of electronic. Most electronics are designed to continue operating at temperatures up to …
Also discusses high temps, and any things that should NOT be stored in garages that reach temperature extremes. Details what might happen.
TLDR quotes:
At temperatures lower than 41 degrees Fahrenheit, it is likely the electronics will become unstable and display erratic behavior.
Most electronics are designed to continue operating at temperatures up to 120 degrees Fahrenheit (50 degrees Celsius). At temperatures higher than 120 degrees Fahrenheit, the electronic can reach its thermal limit, causing components to fail and degrade.
Sounds about right … -some- of the older ICs are pretty rugged. OTOH, things I wonder about on the below-freezing side (colder things shrink) … include ROMs? Larger capacitors? Modern high-density RAM? FPGA? And then there’s water condensation (rust?) water freezing? (might even damage traces on PC boards)… (Wonder if there’s an archive of chip datesheets online?)
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This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
if I recall correctly, for TTL :
military down to -70⁰C,
civil down to -50⁰C
Sounds about right … -some- of the older ICs are pretty rugged. OTOH, things I wonder about on the below-freezing side (colder things shrink) … include ROMs? Larger capacitors? Modern high-density RAM? FPGA? And then there’s water condensation (rust?) water freezing? (might even damage traces on PC boards)… (Wonder if there’s an archive of chip datesheets online?)
All specification for every components should be published (and available online) from every good manufacturers.